This post is
going to be a bit different than most of the ones I’ve been making recently.
Instead of just being an update on how my time in Africa is going, this one is
going to be focused on a specific topic. While working with White Shark
Projects I got a request to make a post on the controversial topic of cage
diving with white sharks. So, without further ado, here goes.
The concept
of cage diving with white sharks brings about different thoughts and emotions
for different people- thrill, fear, exhilaration, excitement. Some say it
should be left strictly for biologists and adrenaline junkies. Others believe
that coming face to face with one of the world’s top predators is tempting fate
and asking for trouble. Still others say that the practice is dangerous for
everyone in the ocean because it gets the white sharks to associate people with
food, and that’s where the real debate comes in. Does spending time around cage
diving boats make white sharks more dangerous to other people in the ocean?
When people think about cage diving in its simplest terms, it would seem like
the answer to that question would be yes. Because, of course, in order to get
the sharks to come and stay by the boat, there needs to be something to entice
them. That thought is just what prompts the misconception that cage diving
boats feed sharks. Yes, that is a misconception- the crew of cage diving boats
do their best to make sure the sharks do not
get any food while around the boat. Many people that have been on one of
these ecotourism boats, however, will remember the strong smell of chum
permeating the air around the boat. Doesn’t that chopped up fish mixed with oil
and salt water mean food for the white sharks? Actually, no. Chum serves as a
food source for only the small baitfish and sea birds. When it comes to the
white sharks, chum is only a smell. Out of their six senses, sharks rely
heavily on their very acute sense of smell to find food. When they swim past
the chum line that the current takes out, that smell is what draws them to the
boat. In fact, chum is part of the reason that white sharks do not become
habituated to hanging around cage diving boats. When they follow the smelly
chum line, sharks expect to find food at the end of it. When they come to the
boat and don’t get any food out of it, their motivation to stick around cage
diving boats essentially disappears. Yes, many of the white sharks will chase
the bait, which the boat crew uses to bring the sharks closer to the cage for a
better look, but the large majority of sharks that visit the boats get
absolutely no food out of it. Due to that, researchers have found that most
white sharks spend a very small portion- less than one percent- of their lives
around cage diving boats. It’s really a pretty simple concept- they smell the
chum, follow it expecting food, then are disappointed when they come to the
boat and don’t get any food, so obviously they wouldn’t want to return. White
sharks, in fact, are not the mindless killers that people once thought they
were. Four hundred million years of evolution have essentially perfected this apex
predator, and it is one of the smartest fish in the sea. Not only do these
animals have strong individual personalities, they have problem solving ability
and long memories. Therefore, when they visit cage diving boats and remember
that they didn’t get the food that they were hoping for, they are seriously
discouraged from returning to the boat. So, returning to the main question that
sparks controversy around this practice: does spending time around cage diving
boats make white sharks associate people with food, and therefore more
dangerous? No. If anything, it’s the exact opposite.